Spanish Authors

By Marta Díaz on Wednesday, November 12, 2025

Spanish literature has been marked by various figures throughout the centuries, all of whom have left an indelible mark on history. From the Spanish Golden Age to contemporary literature, each author offers us a unique window into their time, style, and worldview.

If you want to learn about the most famous Spanish authors of all time, this article is for you. At Enforex, we tell you everything you need to know about them, their style, and their works. Did you know any of them?

The Spanish Golden Age

During the Golden Age, authors such as the following stood out:

Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616)

One of the best-known Spanish authors worldwide is Miguel de Cervantes. His work Don Quijote de la Mancha has been translated into more than 140 languages and is one of the most famous in the Spanish-speaking world.

Some of his most famous works, besides Don Quixote, are Novelas ejemplares (1613) and La Galatea (1585).

An interesting fact about the author is that he was a soldier and lost the use of one hand in the Battle of Lepanto, which is why he was known as ‘the one-armed man of Lepanto’. Although it was not his actual hand, he only lost the mobility of his hand.

Lope de Vega (1562–1635)

Known as the Phoenix of Genius, Lope de Vega wrote more than 1,500 plays. He revolutionized Spanish theater with the new comedy, in which he mixed the tragic and the comic.

Among his best works are Fuenteovejuna, El perro del hortelano, and La dama boba.

Luis de Góngora (1561–1627)

We continue with Luis de Góngora, who was a priest and poet. The author developed a Baroque style known as culteranismo, which later gave rise to the term gongorismo. His literary rival par excellence was Quevedo, with whom he had more than a few misunderstandings.

Góngora left us works such as Fábula de Polifemo y Galatea (The Fable of Polyphemus and Galatea), Soledades (Solitudes), and numerous romances and sonnets.

Francisco de Quevedo (1580–1645)

Francisco de Quevedo stood out for his sharp wit and scathing satires. He was the leading representative of conceptismo (conceptualism), as opposed to Góngora's style.

The two authors spent their entire lives accusing each other, to the point that Quevedo even bought the house where Góngora lived just so that he could have him evicted. The dispute between the two Spanish authors only ended when Góngora died in 1627.

Among Quevedo's most notable works are Los sueños (Dreams), La vida del Buscón llamado Don Pablos (The Life of the Buscón Called Don Pablos) and his satirical and moral poetry.

Romanticism and Realism

The best-known Spanish authors of Romanticism and Realism are:

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836–1870)

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer rose to fame after his death in 1870. His intimate and melancholic style marked Spanish Romantic poetry in the 19th century. Among his most famous works are Rimas y leyendas (Rhymes and Legends) and Cartas desde mi celda (Letters from My Cell).

Benito Pérez Galdós (1843–1920)

Considered the greatest Spanish novelist after Cervantes, Benito Perez Galdós was nominated several times for the Nobel Prize, although unfortunately he never received it.

His most renowned works include Fortunata y Jacinta, Misericordia, and Episodios nacionales.

Avant-garde and Social Realism

Another period marked by Spanish and Spanish-speaking authors was the Avant-garde and Social Realism.

Federico García Lorca (1898–1936)

Federico García Lorca was a poet and playwright belonging to the Generation of '27, although he was murdered at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War (1936). His literary works have become a reference point for contemporary creators worldwide, consolidating him as one of the most influential authors in Spanish literature.

He left behind literary gems such as Bodas de sangre (Blood Wedding), La casa de Bernarda Alba (The House of Bernarda Alba), and Romancero gitano (Gypsy Ballads), many of which have been adapted into films and plays in recent years.

Camilo José Cela (1916–2002)

The author who did win a Nobel Prize was Camilo José Cela, in 1989. The Galician author was known for his tremendismo, a raw style that reflected the Spanish postwar period. His most important works include La familia de Pascual Duarte, La colmena, and Viaje a la Alcarria.

Gabriel García Márquez (1927–2014)

Gabriel García Márquez was a journalist before becoming a novelist and won the Nobel Prize in 1982. The Colombian was one of the leading exponents of magical realism. Among his most famous works are Cien años de soledad (One Hundred Years of Solitude), Amor en los tiempos del cólera (Love in the Time of Cholera), and Crónica de una muerte anunciada (Chronicle of a Death Foretold). You have probably seen many of his works adapted for television or theater.

Mario Vargas Llosa (1936–)

Another Nobel Prize winner for Literature, this time in 2010, and candidate for the presidency of Peru in 1990, is Mario Vargas Llosa, one of the great storytellers of the Boom. Among his most notable works are La ciudad y los perros, Conversación en La Catedral and La fiesta del Chivo.

Contemporary Spanish American literature

Finally, some of the contemporary authors of Spanish literature are:

Carlos Ruiz Zafón (1964–2020)

Carlos Ruiz Zafón was a leading figure in young adult literature before achieving international fame with La sombra del viento (The Shadow of the Wind), translated into more than 40 languages. His works include the Mist Trilogy (El príncipe de la niebla, El palacio de la medianoche y Las luces de septiembre) and the Cemetery of Forgotten Books series, which includes La sombra del viento.

Isabel Allende (1942–)

Isabel Allende is a Chilean author who is known for combining magical realism and feminist themes in her works. Her most famous novels are La casa de los espíritus (The House of the Spirits), Eva Luna, and Paula.

Rosa Montero (1951–)

Rosa Montero has worked as a journalist and writer. Her works blend essays, novels, and journalism with great psychological sensitivity.

Among them are La loca de la casa, La ridícula idea de no volver a verte and Historia del Rey Transparente.

Laura Esquivel (1950–)

Also, a screenwriter and politician, Laura Esquivel achieved worldwide success with her first novel, Como agua para chocolate (Like Water for Chocolate). The Mexican author has other well-known works such as La ley del amor y Tan veloz como el deseo and El libro de las emociones.

All these authors show us how Hispanic literature has evolved from the Golden Age to the present day. In each of them, you will find reflected the diversity of styles, genres, and voices that have marked Spanish-language literature. However, they are not the only ones, and there are many more who have contributed to the history of Spanish literature.

Here is an article about the classics literature in Spanish with more books. If you dare to read any of them, let us know! In the meantime, you can continue learning with our intensive Spanish courses and discover more about culture and literature with Enforex.